Arafat's death ushers in new era

JERUSALEM -- Yasser Arafat's death brought a rare glimmer of optimism to the Middle East, with world leaders talking about the possibility of a new era. But the window of opportunity for peace could quickly close with a chaotic transition, a rise of militants or a failure by either side to seize the moment.\nArafat's death removes the chief excuse given by Israel and the United States for sidelining the Palestinian leadership. Both governments had dismissed Arafat as an unacceptable negotiating partner compromised by terror.\nIsraeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon said Arafat's passing "could be a historic turning point for the Middle East" and President Bush called it "a significant moment in Palestinian history."\nSharon indicated Israel might be willing to resume peace talks, but didn't alter previous conditions for doing so.\nIt remained unclear if Israel might consider offering the new Palestinian leadership some gestures, such as lifting roadblocks or releasing prisoners, that could bolster its standing among Palestinians.\nSharon said in a speech that if Palestinian leaders emerge who are willing to stop "terror, violence and incitements," then "the appropriate opportunity will be created to coordinate different processes with this leadership and even to resume peace talks."\nIsraeli Foreign Minister Silvan Shalom told Channel 2 TV the new Palestinian leadership "will have to prove itself" before a peace process can go forward.\nThe new Palestinian government -- led by former Prime Minister Mahmoud Abbas, a well-known moderate -- may not have enough street credibility to achieve what Israel is demanding, however.\nAnd if Israel doesn't make the first moves -- allowing Abbas to show his people he can deliver results -- the Palestinian leadership may be consumed by internal rivalries. Militant groups such as Hamas and Islamic Jihad are ready to fill any power vacuum.\nOn the Israeli side, Sharon is battling intense opposition from hard-liners to his plan to unilaterally "disengage" from the Palestinians, withdrawing Israeli troops and settlers from the Gaza Strip and four West Bank settlements by next year.\nArafat's death is reinforcing calls from the left for Sharon to abandon his unilateral approach and begin coordinating with the Palestinians.\nThe United States will have to play an important role in bringing the two sides together. But doubts persist over whether Bush will inject the kind of energy needed to help resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.\nBritish Prime Minister Tony Blair is expected to ask for a major Mideast peace push when he meets with Bush in Washington on Friday.\nFour years of Israeli-Palestinian bloodshed have damaged Bush's war on terror, firing up Islamic radicals worldwide.\nEurope may well seek to carve itself a larger role in the post-Arafat Middle East. The European Union enjoys enormous economic clout in the region as the main donor to the aid-dependent Palestinians and the top commercial partner of the trade-dependent Israelis.\nBut breaking the deadlocked Mideast peace process will largely come down to the Palestinians themselves.\nAbbas and Prime Minister Ahmed Qureia are expected to run Palestinian affairs at least until elections are held, presumably within 60 days.\nBoth men are considered more pragmatic than Arafat, but they lack the late leader's charisma.\nThe one potential leader widely viewed to possess both those traits is Marwan Barghouti, who is seen as the strongest candidate to succeed Arafat.\nBut Barghouti is serving multiple life terms in an Israeli prison after being convicted of involvement in terrorism. Israeli Foreign Minister Silvan Shalom told reporters Thursday that Barghouti "will remain in prison for the rest of his life because he's a murderer."\nAny moves by Israel to shore up Abbas and Qureia could backfire, as they're likely to be branded traitors if they're seen as too cozy with Israel.\nAbbas and Sharon know each other. Sitting side by side, the two men endorsed the U.S.-sponsored "road map" to peace in 2003.\nThe road map, which calls for an end to violence and the creation of a Palestinian state, was all but moribund by the time Arafat died.\nNow the plan has a chance for revival, depending on whether Israelis and Palestinians will sit down together again.