Envoys meet to reduce tension in Korean peninsula

BEIJING -- Hoping for a breakthrough, diplomats from six nations converged on the Chinese capital for talks today to resolve East Asia's most urgent security concern -- North Korea's nuclear program and demands by the United States that it stand down immediately.\nChina, the host country, called for a "calm and patient attitude" for the meetings, put together after months of intense diplomacy.\nEnvoys from Pyongyang arrived in Beijing Tuesday, the last of six nations to gather for the politically delicate talks set for today through Friday. The United States, South Korea, China, Russia and Japan are also participating.\nAll six have a stake in the outcome -- even beyond wanting to keep the isolated communist North from becoming a nuclear threat. South Korea wants to clear an obstruction from its policy of reconciliation with Pyongyang. Japan seeks progress on the issue of Japanese citizens kidnapped by the North during the Cold War.\nChina hopes to avoid being dragged into a conflict between its longtime ally North Korea and a vital trading partner, the United States. The North wants security guarantees and more food and humanitarian aid.\nU.S. officials said they believe North Korea has one or two nuclear weapons, and experts believe it could produce five to six more in a few months. North Korea has walked away from a number of international agreements in recent months, including the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty.\nLast October, according to the United States, North Korea acknowledged a secret nuclear program, beginning the standoff and war of words that led to this week's talks. President Bush was already wary of North Korea, calling it in a January 2002 speech part of an "axis of evil."\nPyongyang insists Washington must change its "hostile policy" for the talks to produce any results. Otherwise, it said last week, "We will never give up nuclear deterrent force and settle accounts with the aggressors."\nParticipating nations held smaller meetings behind closed doors in Beijing Tuesday ahead of the formal talks. After conferring with Japanese and U.S. diplomats, Deputy South Korean Foreign Minister Lee Soo-hyuck said the preliminary discussions were "very useful."\nAt a dinner Tuesday night, delegates from all six nations mingled and "the atmosphere was friendly," said a Japanese Foreign Ministry official who spoke on condition of anonymity.\nElsewhere in Beijing, U.S. Assistant Secretary of State James Kelly met with Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Alexander Losyukov, who told the ITAR-Tass news agency that the American delegation is ready for "serious talks, sees certain prospects and is ready to use them." Losyukov didn't elaborate.\n"All delegations are unanimous on setting the following tasks for the current round: First, to understand each other's positions; second, to create a more or less favorable atmosphere for the talks; and, third, to draft measures on which a plan for step-by-step settlement could rest," Losyukov told the agency.\nIn Seoul, diplomats from the two Koreas started three days of economic talks. The South's delegation told North Korean negotiators that a "prompt resolution to the nuclear issue through dialogue is necessary to foster a good environment for inter-Korean economic projects," Cho Myong-gyun, a spokesman, was quoted as saying by Yonhap news agency.\nChina, meanwhile, basked in the prestige of hosting the six-nation talks. Its government news agency, Xinhua, ran more than a dozen related stories -- including one touting the construction of a "hexagon table ... covered with dark green velveteen" in the state guest house where the talks will convene.\nVice Foreign Minister Wang Yi said stability on the Korean Peninsula was the paramount goal of China, North Korea's one-time communist mentor and its neighbor's only remaining major ally.\nWang said participating nations should "adopt a calm and patient attitude, respect each other, conduct consultations on an equal footing, seek common grounds, and reduce disputes."\n"The talks demonstrate the political will to seek peaceful ways to resolve the nuclear issue through dialogue," Wang said, according to Xinhua.\nHe said progress was pivotal to Chinese security.\n"The Korean Peninsula and China are connected by mountains and rivers," he said, "and whether its stability can be maintained ... and directly affects the peaceful environment surrounding China."\nChina has said repeatedly that it advocates a nuclear-free Korean Peninsula. Of late, it has warned the United States not to be heavy-handed in its dealings with North Korea.\nSome say the existence of the talks is something of a victory in itself.\n"If the parties of the six-nation talks this time discuss and agree on a date for the next round of the talks, I can consider that a meaningful and fruitful result," said Baek Seung-joo, chief of the North Korea Research Team at the Korean Institute for Defense analysis.